Cessna Citation X涡扇发动机的识别与验证

摘要：

  航空公司试图不断改进他们现有的飞机性能(例如:A320Neo)。因此，飞机性能知识是一个主要问题，值得开发更精确的飞机模型，包括它们的发动机模型。本研究的目的是建立尽可能高水平的精度模型的飞机涡扇发动机。公开的数学模型基于组件级建模方法。然后使用估计算法对该数学模型进行优化。该算法使用了两种方法:黑盒和灰盒。已经定义了一套飞行测试，并在塞斯纳Citation X研究飞机飞行模拟器上进行，该模拟器由CAE公司设计和开发，配备D级飞行动力学工具箱。D级是认证机构授予的飞机飞行动力学的最高逼真度等级。Cessna Citation X是一种美国远程中型商务机。它由两台涡扇发动机AE 3007C驱动，由劳斯莱斯公司开发，这款发动机是双转子高涵道比涡扇发动机。

Introduction

System identification has been widely used for model elaboration. With the technology improvements, models are constantly improve and thus present more accurate predictions. These accuracy improvements are particularly useful for the aviation industry since aircraft elaboration is strictly reglemented and constrained. All of the aircraft parameters needs to be predicted with an efficient accuracy, in all possible cases, in order to complete the certification successfully. This study focused on the thrust and fuel consumption prediction for the whole aircraft flight envelope with given altitude, Mach number and Throttle Lever Angle.

The identified model can be further derived into performance numerical dynamics in order to optimize flight trajectory. The Component Level Modeling (CLM) approach played a major role in engine modeling .Numerous studies were performed on this method , but new tools exists now in order to model engine such as Kalman filters and neural networks.

As its name suggest it, CLM approach is based on the modelling of each component of the engine with mechanical theoretical equations and assumptions. This approach can be done in different ways. In his study,Roberts modeled each component of his engine with Simulink. Nonetheless his model needs the rotation speed to determine the output of the compressor component. His solution was to determine this parameter iteratively by matching the turbine rotation speed to the compressor rotation speed since they rotate at the same speed. In this case the fuel flow is considered as an input. The thrust output is predicted for a given altitude, Mach number and fuel flow.
 

Others studies uses the CLM approach in order to predict the components efficiencies deterioration and their impact on the thrust output of the engine32. This kind of studies can also be derived into fault diagnosis studies33.These kinds of studies elaborate models in order to predict engine issues such as fooling for example.
 

The purpose of this study is to elaborate a model predicting thrust and fuel flow outputs with given altitudes,Mach number and Throttle Lever Angle as accurate as possible. This model is based on a Component Level Modeling adapted to the engine studied using flight tests data...